Progressivism :: The Progressives

The progressive believed that by applying a more uncorrupt form of democracy they could in fact fix the already corrupt democracy especially at the state and city levels. The progressives believed that if given a chance the majority of voters would elect honest respectable officials unlike those elected by the corrupt political machine but to do this they needed people to vote. So they compiled numerous methods for increasing the participation of the average citizen in political decisions. The secret ballot box, by using the method adopted by the Australians the voter would not be manipulated by the political party that would affect a voters decision by standing next to a ballot box and intimidating him or her. This method was first accepted by Massachusetts in 1888 and proved to be really popular by 1910 all voting states adopted this method. The progressive governor of Wisconsin Robert La Follete introduced the method of direct primaries in which the majority vote would elect the p arty candidates for the state and federal offices. This method was used to try to minimize the power of political bosses to try to keep the corrupt officials from gaining office once again. The direct election of state senators was also a plus for the progressives for many years the senators had been selected by the vote of the state legislature. The corrupt state legislature would then of course vote for the corrupt official for senate. After a while the senate begun to look like a club for the rich man. In 1913 the seventeenth amendment required all that all U.S senators be elected by the popular vote. By calling for Initiative, referendum, and recall the Progressives allowed by initiative to take part in the process of having a legislature pass a bill, to allow voters to vote on proposed laws on their ballots by way of referendum, and finally recall which allowed voters to remove an unsatisfactory politician from office by majority vote before the end of his or her term.

Is Marxism Still Relevant Today?

The Industrial Revolution (1750-1850) had brought about significant changes in agriculture, mining, manufacturing, transportation and technology and subsequently established an era of unprecedented economic growth in capitalist economies. It was within this era that Karl Marx had observed the deprivation and inequality experienced by men of the proletariat, the working class, who had laboured excessively for hours under inhumane conditions to earn a minimum wage while the bourgeoisie, the capitalist class, reaped the benefits.For Marx it was this fundamental inequality within the social and economic hierarchy that had enabled capitalist societies to function. While Marx’s theories, in many instances have been falsified and predictions invalid, his ideas about class struggle and conflict being a motivator for change is still relevant in contemporary society. The disparity of wealth between occupations in Australia demonstrates that class stratification is still inherent within society and the recent Qantas airline dispute is a relevant example of this.Marx’s theory of class struggle originates with his belief that â€Å"the history of all hitherto existing society is the history of class struggles† (Marx & Engel, 1848). Marx had established that conflict between classes was the key driving force of history and the main determinant of social change. For Marx, conflict originates with the deterioration of a ‘false consciousness’ and the subsequent acquisition of a unified ‘class consciousness’.Marx argued that that proletariat was under the influence of a ‘false consciousness’ brought about with the acceptance of the dominant ideology that freedom and equality could be interpreted as an equal exchange of labour for wages (van Krieken et al. , 2010). Marx however, perceived this as an exploitive relationship because in capitalism, the labourer only receives what is deemed sufficient to meet his basic needs for himself and his family, as opposed to the real value of his labour power.Marx had identified that the difference between the labourer’s wage and the value of the goods in which he produces is taken as profit, of which only the capitalist is the beneficiary (Habibis & Walter, 2009). Marx had theorised that, as a result of this exploitive relationship, alienation would occur. Marx argued that commodification of goods and services produced in conjunction with the lack of control over the end result would mean that workers would no longer recognise a connection with their labour, and hence become alienated from their labour.Only with the recognition of class exploitation and alienation would a class consciousness develop. Marx referred to class consciousness as a ‘class for itself’, denoting a collective self-awareness of the interests shared by members of a social group (van Krieken et al. , 2010). Marx predicted that class consciousness would create a conflict of interest between classes and revolution would eventuate. The bourgeoisie would be overthrown, capitalism would collapse and a classless state would emerge as its successor (van Krieken et al. , 2010). In post-modern times however, it is widely accepted that the opposite occurred.Critics insist that Marxism’s credibility was eradicated with the fall of the communist states within the ‘Eastern Bloc’. While others such as China, although still governed by a communist party, have adopted numerous capitalist policies (van Krieken et al. , 2010). Marxism has also been criticised for its over-concentration on economic relationships and its tendency to overlook other forms of non-economic conflicts (Griffith, 2005). Feminists, for example, argue that the conflicts between male and female relations are not necessarily related to economics, but patriarchal.Furthermore, Marx like other social theorists at the time had ignored the role and contribution of women. Marx had described the proletariat of industrial societies where manual labour was involved; he did not however, take into consideration a woman’s domestic or reproductive labour. Federici (2004) asserts that Marx failed to recognise the importance of reproductive labour because he had adopted the capitalist criteria for what constitutes labour and believed that a wage in exchange for labour would be the paradigm that shapes humanity. Considering that as of 2010, 45. % of the Australian labour force comprised of women it would seem that Marx’s socialist perspective is less so equal or relevant in contemporary society. Marxism is often cited as being irrelevant within contemporary society due to the fact that Marx had critiqued an almost incomparable society. McDonald & Brownlee (2001) argue that contemporary society exists in a post-modern era where westernised societies enjoy the benefits of higher living standards, where the rights of employees are elicited within the Austra lian Constitution and the rights of humans are dictated within Geneva conventions.An era where employees are entitled to government pensions, allowances, superannuation, and employees accrue sick and annual leave (McDonald & Brownlee, 2001). Furthermore employees are able to seek union representation and are legally entitled to industrial action. McDonald and Brownlee (2001) assert that Fair Work Australia, established as an institution responsible for fixating minimum wage and resolving work related disputes, perpetuates the notion that Australia is in transition to become an egalitarian society with minimal class disparity.Critics have also argued that Marxism within western society is no longer relevant due to the increased levels of social mobility. Social mobility refers to movement in an individual’s or group’s social position over time and is often assessed on their change in income over time (Borgatta & Montogomery, 2000). The traditional stratification of clas ses had a tendency to overlook the middle class and analyse the two extremes of rich and poor, bourgeoisie and proletariat (van Krieken et al. 2010). In the context of Marxism, the middle class was ignored due to their perceived limited role within the political revolution that would depose of capitalism. In contemporary society however, the traditional labouring occupations have decreased, leading to a shortage of skilled labourers and tradesman. As a result these occupations often earn a higher income, blurring the line between working class and middle class (Braverman, 1974).In August 2011 the most common occupations were distinctly white collar with the workforce comprising of 22% professionals, 15% Clerical and administrative workers and 14% Technicians and trades workers (Australian Bureau Statistics, 2011). The evident emergence of the white collar-middle class within contemporary society significantly undermines Marx’s theory of class stratification who had predicted an absorption into the working class and the emergence of a classless state. Despite this however, research has suggested that social mobility has not necessarily increased.Graetz and McAllister (1994) identified that while the shift between manual and non-manual occupations has increased since the 1970’s, most of this has been the result of structural changes in light of technological innovations and advancements in modern society, as opposed to mobility in social classes. Moreover, Leigh (2007) argues that the youth of Australia are equally likely to reproduce, or not reproduce, the class of their parents and that social mobility in the context of Australian youth, has not necessarily increased.Argy (2005) reinforces this argument and states that while Australia can be referred to as economically liberated country, there has not necessarily been an increase in equal opportunity and the distribution of wealth within Australia is an evident example of this. The National Centr e for Social and Economic Modelling (NATSEM) was commissioned to conduct a study in relation to the distribution of wealth in Australia. NATSEM analyst Simon Kelly (2002) reported that the richest fifth of households in Australia each have, on average, forty times more wealth than the poorest fifth of the population.The NATSEM data reiterates that wealth within Australia is still concentrated in the hands of the wealthy minority who have ascertained the benefits of the economic growth in recent years by disproportionately increasing their personal wealth (Stillwell & Primrose, 2011). The disparity of wealth between occupations was a key indicator of the inequality between classes. NATSEM data identified that personal wealth is the highest for managers and administrators (men $250,000, women $183,300) and professionals (men $173,800, women $99,700).In contrast to these figures, the lowest personal wealth is held by the production and transport workers ($55,400), labourers (men 39,700 , women $29,300) and trade persons (men 60,000, women 35,000) (Stillwell & Primrose, 2011). From a sociological perspective class inequality is often represented by comparing class personal wealth and income. From a Marxism perspective however, a person’s social class isn’t defined by personal wealth but rather the level of control that a person wields over the means of production.According to Ben Hillier (2012) it is measured in terms of social wealth derived from the â€Å"control of the productive or financial apparatus of society†. This can be interpreted as the bourgeoisie having ownership of the assets that enable modern society to function such as the telecommunications infrastructure, electrical companies, newspaper enterprises, transport facilities and mines etc. The transactional influence of these assets inevitably provides its owner with the power to influence governments of capitalist societies and effects how society functions.The recent Qantas air ways dispute demonstrated how this power is exercised. One recent example of class conflict inherent within Australian society was the Qantas airways dispute. On 29th October 2011, Qantas CEO Alan Joyce issued a press release announcing the immediate grounding and cancellation of all Australian domestic and international flights and the lock-out of all employees without pay. Leading up to the unprecedented grounding, Qantas had been involved in contract negotiations with unions representing employees of the company.The unions were seeking a 3-5% wage increase and better job security for casual staff. (Mulcahy, 2011). Around the same time Qantas had announced its decision to slash 1000 jobs and restructure its fleet to move to Asia under a new airline Jetstar Japan. The traditional international routes within the North Atlantic were operating at a loss with a half year profit of $241 million a year ago, dropping by 83%, to $42 million (Ryan, 2012). Despite the evident decline in prof it the airlines had awarded Alan Joyce with a 71% lift in his total remuneration package to $5. 1 million, after he received $2. million worth of shares (Mulcahy, 2011). After two days the debacle finally ended with the intervention of the Federal government submitting an application to Fair Work Australia (FWA), terminating the industrial dispute and ordering Qantas to resume operations. The verdict stated that those involved had 21 days to finalise a settlement to the dispute and neither party could engage in further action for three years after a settlement had been made. If an agreement could not be reached the Fair Work industrial courts would arbitrate the details of the contracts (Mulcahy, 2011).The economic impact was expected to be profound, Qantas which represents approximately 65% of the aviation industry, contributes $6 billion to the Australian economy and employs 50,000 employees (Squires, 2011). Although Qantas reports that the dispute cost them $120 million, its shar e prices increased by 6% to $1. 61 (Frith, 2011). The controversy attracted much political and economic commentary speculating on who won the dispute and what this would mean for those involved. Alan Joyce explicitly stated that the FWA ruling was a favourable decision for Qantas as â€Å"nobody any more can take industrial action† (Taylor, 2011).This thereby would allow Qantas to restructure its fleet in Asia, ascertaining cheaper wages by outsourcing and offshoring labour, without any internal opposition. The unions established to represent the working class of businesses and corporations would be made obsolete for three years allowing any injustices within the workplace to remain unresolved. From a Marxist perspective this would mean that the bourgeoisie of the company, the CEO and high profile managers, who already have exceeding high salaries, would profit from the new means of production and the proletariat would be further disadvantaged with pay cuts and the isk of red undancy. Karl Marx’s critique of industrial societies developed out of the belief that conflict between stratified classes such as the bourgeoisie and the proletariat, would be the drive needed to perpetuate social change. Marx believed that with the acquisition of a class consciousness the proletariat would revolt against the exploitative capitalist institution, eradicating all class structures and establishing a socialist state. Admittedly, Marx’s critique failed to recognise essential components of society such as the middle class and female representation which has significantly undermined Marx’s theory of class struggle.Furthermore Marx’s predictions have been falsified in light of modern developments which have led to many critics casting doubt on its relevance within contemporary society. The higher living standards, government allowances and union representation enjoyed by citizens within Australia all perpetuate notions of equality and repudiate the potential collapse of capitalism. Despite this however, there are still many instances of class inequality inherent in Australian society.The disparity of wealth between occupations in Australia demonstrates that the minority with extreme wealth have control over the means of production, and have used the power derived from it to influence society’s development. The recent Qantas dispute is a testament of how this power is exercised and demonstrates how the wealthy minority are able to accumulate excess wealth at the expense of the labouring class. Thus attesting to the inherent class inequality that Marx had recognised, and acknowledging its existence within contemporary Australian society. ?

The Events Of World War I Essay - 1234 Words

World War One was many years in the making with separate incidences occurring between the empires that ultimately lead up to war beginning. With many powerful empires on edge and wanting to be the most powerful, they did whatever they could to make this happen. The First World War was not sparked by one event or motive, but in turn was started due to many major factors. The war’s blame can be placed on all of the countries involved, rather than solely Germany. These factors from World War One were the product of each empire and their long-term needs such as nationalism, imperialism, militarism and the alliances. The short-term event that was the final push to start the war was the assassination of Franz Ferdinand. Militarism was one of the key major factors of the war. Soon after Britain created their battleship, Germany revealed their 60 ships from a man named Alfred Von Tirpitz . A naval battle arose between the two and their relationship weakened immensely. Both Germany and Britain wanted to have the better army, and taking up naval weapons was the beginning of the hate and jealousy each country had for one another. Germany’s past ideology that they should not anger Britain because Britain was dangerous was an ideology that was now put aside. Part of being a powerful empire meant having strong, effective military willing to go to battle at any time for their people. In a book written by Ruth Henig titled The Origins of the First World War, Henig says, â€Å"The Kaiser andShow MoreRelatedThe Events Of World War I1178 Words   |  5 PagesHow One Thing Led to Another; WWI No single person or event caused the Great War. However, there were many factors that contributed to the world’s first war. The events that started World War I were a case of one thing led to another(CITE). Many agree that the assassination of Archduke Francis Ferdinand, ultimately led to the beginning of World War I. The major causes of the World War I were embedded deep in European history during the previous 19th century. It really all began during the 1800Read MoreThe Events Of World War I1684 Words   |  7 Pagescase with many wars, a foundation has to be set before the situation can escalate into a fully fledged war. Some concede that ephemeral events just before the outbreak of war are more inciteful of the fighting rather than long held animosity between nations. Others hold credence in the idea that wars often begin long before the first shot is fired, with their sole reason for starting being traced back to previous conflicts and tensions with other countries. The tensions of World War I could be observedRead MoreThe Events Of World War I1245 Words   |  5 PagesCertain aspects of German society following the events of World War I became radically unstable. Such instability from 1918 to 1923, led to a series of economical, political and social crises, which would drastically change t he country. Certain parts of the country were highly progressive, while other parts remained true to right wing beliefs, and as a result, coexistence proved to be too difficult. While Germany was having its own civil issues stemming from internal unrest, outside factors wouldRead MoreThe Events Of World War I Essay2015 Words   |  9 Pages World War One Name Institutional Affiliation World War One Introduction World War One was a global war that emanated in Europe. The war lasted for four years from 1914 to 1918. More than seven million civilians and 9.5 million military fighters died during the war. The war resulted in a political shift in the nations that were involved. The war left the world’s strongest countries polarized into two camps, the Allies and the Central Powers of Austria-Hungary and Germany. Read MoreThe Events Of The World War I1455 Words   |  6 PagesThe events of 6th June 1944 is widely regarded as one of the most significant things that led to the success of the Allies in World War 1. It did not only allow them the start the liberation of Eastern Europe but also reach Berlin to end the reign of the Nazis and Adolf Hitler over Europe. However there are other battles (Stalingrad, the Battle of Britain etc.) that could have been just as significant as D-Day. From the beginning of the Allied planning the collectively realised that it would notRead MoreThe Events During The World War I1662 Words   |  7 PagesIntroduction The First World War went down in history as one of the worst wars ever to be fought, owing to the magnitude of destruction and loss of life it left in its wake. The war started in 1914 ending in 1919, and has been described variously as the à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½Great Warà ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½, à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½the War of Nationsà ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½ and the à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½War to End All Warsà ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½. (Dwight E, 1966) It was fought by many nations around the world, with Europeans being the main players, and is very significant for the way it shaped the continents yearsRead MoreEvents and Treaties of World War I1317 Words   |  5 Pagescurrently discussing the events and treaties of World War 1. I found this subject very interesting and the fact that many soldiers suffered from Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder piqued my curiosity. My teacher discussed how towards the end of the war soldiers portrayed symptoms of Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder and often fled during war which led to most of them being captured by their government and killed. I want to learn more about this topic because it is very interesting to me. I also want to learnRead MoreEvents Leading up to World War I1291 Words   |  5 Pagesincreasing agitation for war (cnparm). The German Army opens an anti-Russian Press campaign on the 11th and 22nd of March, a German newspaper predicts that â€Å"a war, the like of which history ha s never seen, is approaching† (cnparm). In April, the influential Pan-German League warns that â€Å"France and Russia are preparing for the decisive struggle with Germany and Austria-Hungary and they intend to strike at the first opportunity† (cnparm). â€Å"When May arrives, the last pre-war staff talks take placeRead MoreWorld War I: Description of Key Events Essay655 Words   |  3 Pagesmountain-top. The hill was significant, due to the fact that the Central Powers could identify the Ally soldiers from kilometres away and therefore easily prepare for battle. Vimy Ridge is significant to our understanding of Canada because this was the event where Canada showed that they were worthy of independence from Britain. The Canadians proved to be an effective and formidable group that deserved sovereignty and respect. Nationalism Nationalism is the belief that one’s nation is superior in all waysRead MoreWhat Events Drew The United States Into World War I988 Words   |  4 Pagesbelieved that World War I was initialized by the assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand, others believe that there were a number of issues that played into the start of the war. There are said to be four areas that played into the cause of World War I, including the assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand, the other three are imperialism, militarism, and nationalism. In this paper, we will discuss all of these areas to see how they played a part. We will also discuss what events drew the United

U.s. Japanese Government Policies Essay - 1048 Words

Introduction The purpose of this research is to evaluate the effectiveness of a set of the recent Japanese government policies. Before China overtaking the second largest economy in the world in 2011, Japan has kept the position for several decades. However, after the housing bubbles burst in 1990s, Japan had economically struggled where it can no longer grow at such a substantial rate as previously. In fact, its economy had shrunk when other neigbouring economies, such as Taiwan and South Korea, had prospered. So Abe Shinzo was elected as the prime minister of Japan and he has tried to revive the economy under Abenomics; yet, its impacts on the real economy seem ineffective until recently. This is why I think it will be interesting to evaluate whether Abenomics was the best option for Japanese government for reviving the economy from the prolonged recession. Was Abenomics effective? Research questions are as follows: A) Were the uses of monetary and fiscal policies effective during recession in Japan? B) Will the structural reforms be effective solution for Japanese economy? I will examine the effectiveness of Abenomics by looking at the historical economic data in Japan from 1980 to 2015. In addition, I will introduce some of literatures and relevant books to support my view on Abenomics. Literature review Japan’s lost decade Hayashi and Prescott (2002) conducted a study on Japan’s lost decade to provide a new interpretation based on neoclassical growth model.Show MoreRelatedJapanese Constitutional Reform : Consequences Of Article 91640 Words   |  7 PagesJapanese Constitutional Reform: Consequences of Article 9 Abstract: Summarise the original article of the issue or event with full reference and internet address. 100 words After a long campaign and many public protests, the Japanese Diet successfully enacted two new security provisions that will allow the nation to carve a path away from its former post-war pacifism. Yoshida and Aoki (2015), reporters for The Japan Times state that the enactment of these laws has been a key goal of Japanese PrimeRead MoreAPUSH Essays1633 Words   |  7 Pages They were upset that they were first being denied independence from Spain, and now the United States of America. However, even having fought in the Spanish-American War alongside the Americans, Aguinaldo led bands of guerilla fighters against the U.S. It took three years, and numerous causalities to end the revolt. Theodore Roosevelt, on the other hand, saw potential in the lands controlled by Spain. He ordered a fleet to the Philippines. The American Fleet destroyed the Spanish Fleet. ContraryRead MoreProblems Faced By Japanese Foreign Investments Relations Between U.s. And Japan1135 Words   |  5 Pagesthe pr oblems in the United States due to Japanese investments. In the current global economy, the foreign investments relations between the U.S. and Japan have been one sided due to the inter-Asian business models of the Japanese markets. Japan has traditionally been cooperative with the United States in allowing its products to be manufactured and sold in the United States, which has provided some manufacturing jobs in the U.S. This causes problems for the U.S. because they are disadvantaged by one-sidedRead MoreEconomic Growth Of Post War Japan1361 Words   |  6 Pageseconomy. It is revealed that the Japanese economy was on its way to recovery, which received a rapid development since the war, and the reconstruction of Japan had spent less than forty years to become the world’s second largest economy in the 1980s. This essay will explore the three factors account for the economic growth of post-war Japan: the financial assistance from the United States, the external environment , and the effective policy of Japanese government. Firstly, the financial aid fromRead MoreOperation Managment1062 Words   |  5 Pages An American Tragedy: How a Good Company Died Zachary Schiller The Rust Belt is back. So say bullish observers as U.S. exports surge, long-moribund industries glow with newfound profits, and unemployment dips to lows not seen in a decade. But in the smokestack citadels, there’s disquiet. Too many machine-tool and auto parts factories are silent; too many U.S. industries still can’t hold their own. What went wrong since the heyday of the 1960s? That’s the issue Max Holland, a contributingRead MoreCapitalism in Japan Essays1453 Words   |  6 Pagesis envied by capitalists elsewhere and looked upon as an example to emulate. Thirty years ago, its war-shattered economy was little more than one-third the size of Britains. Today the Japanese G.N.P. exceeds the combined total of Britain and France, and the gap is certain to widen in the years ahead. The Japanese variant of capitalism cannot be readily or precisely copied, except perhaps by a few Asian countries, because it is rooted in a homogeneous, hierarchical society with a not so distantRead MoreJapan s Post War Economic Miracle1443 Words   |  6 PagesWhen Japan be defeated in World War II, Japanese economy was nearly collapsed. Their industrial production was sharply declined, only reached 10% of the 1934-6 level in 1945 (Kunio 1994). In 1945, Japan has signed an official document of surrender in the Pacific War and occupied by the United States from 1945-1952. In the occupation period, the U.S. was helped Japan to recover their economy from a complete shambles situation. Thus, the Japanese economy was gradually recovered to the pre-war levelRead MoreSouth Korea s Economic Crisis1534 Words   |  7 Pagesof US dollar. In middle of 1990s, by president Young Sam Kim, gigantic inflows of U.S. dollar entered South Korea as an investment. Fall of U.S. dollar caused crisis i n South Korea. Second, government failed to accommodate and control exchange rate and industrial policies after the fall of U.S. dollar. These policy failure arose from the government’s failed attempted to peg the Won to the US dollar. These government failures created adverse repercussions for the South Korea economy. Third triggerRead MoreThe Cove, By Mark Monroe And Directed By Louis Psihoyos1185 Words   |  5 Pagesbeen shown that dolphins are sentient creatures, the Japanese government utilizes dubious ethic methods for still participating in the destruction of dolphin populations. Japan is renowned around the world for being an extremely prosperous nation despite being the only populace to have been bombed by nuclear weapons. From that point on, the Japanese has reinvigorated a more modern culture. But for the outcry of respect for traditional Japanese culture, the coast-local fishermen claim that their justificationRead MoreJapanese Military Essay1096 Words   |  5 Pagesdefense policies ever since the instatement of Article 9 into its constitution following World War II. Article 9 essentially states that the country may not rearm itself for any reason due to its violently imperialistic nature preceding that war. Even while it was being written, there was heavy debate among American and Japanese politicians alike as to whether or not the article may ever be revoked. Could Japan truly remain a pacifist nation? Would it always be a welfare state under the U.S. government

Essay The Horror of Child Sexual Abuse and the Catholic...

The Horror of Child Sexual Abuse and the Catholic Church. Early Sunday morning, people shuffle in through the mahogany doors as the smell of Frankincense and Myrrh tickle the nose. Rays of sunlight beam through the stained glass windows, making rainbow images on the red velvet carpet. What sounds like the voices of angels singing praise to the lord harmoniously circulates in the air. A mighty voice roars from the altar, â€Å"Now, let us bow our heads in prayer.† This is a majestic place where one can find peace, confess sins and thank the lord for all of the blessings he has bestowed upon them. In May of 1992, all of this would change, as Catholicism would be thrust to its knees. A story concerning a Catholic Priest sparked the†¦show more content†¦Lawyers for the victims have obtained a 69-page document outlining sexual abuse protocol. This document written in 1962, possessing the seal of Pope John XXIII, blatantly states the church should be protected at any cost and those who choose to ignore the secret of the Holy Office are in jeopardy of excommunication. There are also questions concerning poor judgment applied at the Diocese level: During a deposition, Bishop Thomas L. Dupre stated that he reassigned Rev. Richard Meehan to administrative duties following his removal from a local parish after abusing a child. He not only had access to sexual abuse files but also destroyed confidential files pertaining to sexual abuse cases that were kept in a secured area. Furthermore, Rev. James J. Scahill insists that he was present in a meeting where Bishop Dupre stated â€Å"his parish was not only safe but also fortunate because the late Bishop Christopher J. Weldon had destroyed many files implicating priests of child sexual abuse, before he died in 1982† (â€Å"Spotlight Investigation†). After the unsealing of church records, it was found that the Catholic Church was well aware of the dark history surrounding some of its priests. In addition, a vast number of child sexual abuse complaints were found, implicating several hundred Catholic priests.Show MoreRelatedPedophilia Essay1659 Words   |  7 PagesPaedophilia: comes from the Greek word; paidophilia, which means friendship. But such a meaning denies the true horror of their beliefs and actions. A paedophile is a person who fantasies about having a relationship with young children. It is a person with a dark, destructive and a disturbed mind. Society in general is revolted by these people but they are encouraged to view it with understanding. Many health officials describe it as a mental illness that has no known cure. This is why they haveRead MoreHorror Films in Popular Culture Essay851 Words   |  4 Pagessenses heightened? Perhaps you are even intrigued as to what will happen next. Horror film is a popular g enre, but shouldn’t seem to have any real appeal. Horror lures its audience by lingering on the fears of man, manipulating emotions, affecting one’s mind. Those creepy-crawlies on the big screen usually reflect the common fears of the times. These societal fears can be described as the ‘Horrors.’ In the 1960’s, the horror of personality was shown the cult classic Psycho (1960). Norman Bates is theRead MoreIndian Horse Word finished word doc Essay1074 Words   |  5 Pagesgrowing up. If a child grows up with irresponsible parents that do not care for their child or adhere to their needs, the child will most likely grow up to become a person of a similar fashion with similar characteristics as their parents because that is all they have experienced and that is the only way that they know how to live. Some may argue that the most influential people in a family are a child’s parents and grandparents. Grandparents play a key role in teaching a child about the historyRead MoreThe Crucible By Arthur Miller1619 Words   |  7 Pages He was blacklisted as a suspected communist sympathiser after World War II, when his every move was monitored and documented in an endeavour to prove his ‘guilt’ and ‘betrayal’ of his country. He was powerless to speak out against the irrational horror exemplified by the popular belief that a red was hiding under every bed. For this reason, McCarthyism acted as a catalyst, which catapulted the play into popularity in the 1960’s, a popularity that has survived to this very day. A Crucible: IdeologyRead MoreWilliam Blake And The French Revolution2017 Words   |  9 Pagesto eccentricity. The French Revolution influenced many people all over the globe, including the radicals in London, to push and demand for immediate change. William Blake, a radical himself, was unable to stand by when the violation of rights and abuse of power was rampant and as a result he produced his revolutionary collection of poems ‘Songs of Innocence’ and ‘Songs of experience’. Blake realised that some of his radical beliefs, that were evident in his work, were certainly going to be unpopularRead MoreResidential Schools, a Legacy of Shame2808 Words   |  12 Pagesbe taken as young as the age of 4. To illustrate this point is a quote from a Navajo mother, When we put our children in school, it is like giving our hearts up. The children were not allowed to return home until the age 16. By that time the horrors of attending a residential school had already sunk in. The re-education changed them into different people. In 1908 then minister of Indian Affairs, Frank Oliver, predicted that elevate the Indian from his condition of savagery and make himRead MoreSex and Dominance in The Ghost Road Essay3936 Words   |  16 Pagesmen than you have paid for this.   The reader first encountered buttocks ten page earlier, the buttocks of a spanked child on the boardwalk.   Unlike the crying child, Prior is duly subservient to the doctors orders.   Doctor Mather infantilizes Prior, calling him laddie (Barker 11).   His examination by the dominating doctor reminds Prior of his childhood, and of his early sexual liaisons with men.   At this early point, Barker leaves the reader in the dark as to Priors history as a male prostituteRead MoreThe Discussion of Homosexuality in Comic Books1980 Words   |  8 Pagespublished Seduction of the Innocent, a book that warned about the negative effect of popular literature. The book was a minor bestseller and was taken seriously at the time, creating alarm i n parents with the claim that reading the crime-, superhero- and horror comics that contain descriptions of violence, sex, drug use and other adult themes, children will be encouraged to similar behavior (Wikipedia). More than five decades later the song remains the same; not much seems to have changed in society’s mentalityRead MoreEssay on Television and Its Effects on Society Over the Past Decades2487 Words   |  10 Pages behaviour—the audience is made to feel empathy for the murderer and is able to justify the immorality of the abused child who murders his parents. For example, music is often used by producers of television programs to elicit a particular type of emotion toward a specific character at a specific time. Music is used to produce feelings of suspense, horror, sadness, joy, mysticism, et cetera. The use of sound and music coupled with other special effect techniques, such as Read More Racism in Song of Solomon, Push and Life of Olaudah Equiano Essay2546 Words   |  11 Pagesare to note the murders committed against Black people by a White person on a given day of the week. His duty is to then commit the same act suffered by the Black person onto a random White person. Four little colored girls had been blown out of a church, and his mission was to approximate as best he could a similar death of four little white girls some Sunday, since he was the Sunday man (173). This is Guitars moral battle, his battle for what is right. To him, justice is only served by evening

Approaches and Decision Support Tools †Free Samples to Students

Question: Discuss about the Approaches and Decision Support Tools. Answer: Introduction: This report is discussing about the development of a new software for a dental clinic which is facing a lot of problems due to the lack of efficient technology. For this purpose, a new software has been developed a during the development process the developer has faced a lot of problems. For that reason, project management (Schwalbe 2015) techniques have been implemented on the developing process of the software. The organisation is facing some problems in maintaining the appointment time of the visitors. The main aim of developing this software is to maintain a record and better time management. The report also discusses about the plans that has been adopted in the developing process along with the ways of monitoring and controlling the project. The main reason for making this plan of developing this software is due to the need of eliminating the difficulties faced by the organisation. According to the situation faced by the organisation it can be stated that the software will not only help the clinic in managing their clients but will also help in the enhancement of other functions of the organisation like better managing of the clients data, the informations of the staff, giving better opportunities to the customers and many more (Tasevska Damij and Damij 2014). The software will also help in serving the customers in a better way. The Waterfall Model is used for the purpose of developing this software. This model is used as the requirements of the organisations are well known and they are fixed. Along with this the definition of the product is also stable and the technology is well known. There is no need of any ambiguous requirements. The main advantage of using this model is because of the fact that this model is very simple and can be understand very easily while using it. The managing of the model is also easy as the model is rigid (Haz?r 2015). The developing process of the software does not overlap each other as the waterfall model processing of the different phases are done only one at a time. Another reason for which this model is used because the project is small. Risk regarding the project: The main risks regarding the project are while in the testing stage it is impossible or difficult to go back for the purpose of changing something. The changing is mainly needed when something is not well thought out in the stage of concept development. There always remains a risks and uncertainty during the use of the waterfall model for the development of software for the organisation (Martinsuo 2013). This model can prove to be very much complex if the time required for developing this process is long. Proper estimation needs to be made for the time required for the development of the software otherwise the deployment of the software will also get hampered. The requirements of the organisation might also change which can greatly affect the developing process. Proper designing of the software also needs to be done The implementation of the project management (Kerzner 2013) on the process of software development will help in increasing the communication along with resolving the conflicts, better management of the risks, managing of the requirements, configuring of the software and many more. The proper project planning needs to be done for the purpose of identifying the scope of the project, for estimation of the work involved, and create a proper schedule for the project. The first process of planning (Burke 2013) includes the gathering of the requirements for the developing the software. The main reason for monitoring the process and controlling it is to keep the updated record of the process. In cases if the project is deviated from the plan then certain actions can be taken by the project manager for the purpose of correcting the problems (Larson and Gray 2013). The monitoring and controlling process mainly involves gathering of the status of the process. Change control mainly involves the changing that are needed in the process of developing the new software (Hayes 2014). Risk management is the technique used for measuring the risks and then developing certain strategies for the purpose of managing the risks and developing certain strategies for the purpose of mitigating the risks (McNeil Frey and Embrechts 2015). Requirement management refers to the identification of the requirements and then analysing them for the purpose of using them in the development process (Davis 2013). The developed software will greatly help in creating a better communication system with the organisation. The involvement of the users in the project will greatly favour the development of the team. The software will help in managing the accounts of the organisation as well. better project planning will favour the development of the new software. The software will greatly favour the organisation as well as the customers of the clinic. Another thing involved in the project management is the release management this means that identification, documentation, prioritizing and then agreeing needs to be done before the release of the software. After this steps there is a need of making a schedule for the release process. Conclusion: The implementation of project management helped a lot in the developing process of the software. The developed software for the clinic will greatly help in increasing the operations of the clinic. The developed software will also look into the accounts system of the clinic along with helping in better management of the data of the organisation. The compilation of the barcode scanner with the software will greatly favour in keeping track of the staffs of the organisation. The data present in the system are also analysed by this software. The software will help in creating a better customer relation. The staffs can manage the appointment times of the customers with the doctors. They can also keep track of the customers record and along with this they can keep the clients informed about their appointment times and reserve timings according to their wish. The report finally helps to conclude that by adopting this software the functioning of the clinic will be more enhanced. References: Burke, R., 2013. Project management: planning and control techniques.New Jersey, USA. Davis, A., 2013.Just enough requirements management: where software development meets marketing. Addison-Wesley. Hayes, J., 2014.The theory and practice of change management. Palgrave Macmillan. Haz?r, ., 2015. A review of analytical models, approaches and decision support tools in project monitoring and control.International Journal of Project Management,33(4), pp.808-815. Kerzner, H., 2013.Project management: a systems approach to planning, scheduling, and controlling. John Wiley Sons. Larson, E.W. and Gray, C., 2013.Project Management: The Managerial Process with MS Project. McGraw-Hill. Martinsuo, M., 2013. Project portfolio management in practice and in context.International Journal of Project Management,31(6), pp.794-803. McNeil, A.J., Frey, R. and Embrechts, P., 2015.Quantitative risk management: Concepts, techniques and tools. Princeton university press. Schwalbe, K., 2015.Information technology project management. Cengage Learning. Tasevska, F., Damij, T. and Damij, N., 2014. Project planning practices based on enterprise resource planning systems in small and medium enterprisesA case study from the Republic of Macedonia.International journal of project management,32(3), pp.529-539.

Lasik Surgery Essays (3053 words) - Eye Surgery, LASIK, Vision

Lasik Surgery Seeing well without contact lenses and glasses is the dream of millions of Americans and modern medical science has enabled that dream to come true (Caster, 8). Since first grade, Dede Head, a 30-year-old fitness trainer in North Carolina, has worn glasses to correct sever nearsightedness and astigmatism. Over the years she became accustomed to wearing glasses and contacts, but this has limited many important aspects of her life, including sports. She then heard of a laser eye surgery that ?supposedly?, helped to correct a person's vision by means of lasers. She immediately signed up for the procedure and ever since that day, she has not worn glasses or contacts. Dede is just one of the eight hundred-fifty-thousand people who have undergone a procedure by the name of LASIK or Laser In-Situ Keratomileusis. If surgical procedures were movies, LASIK would be this years box office smash as it has received much media coverage and many praises; however, not that many people know what LASIK is, what the advantages and disadvantages are, and most importantly if LASIK is right for them (Buratto, 1). LASIK is basically a type of laser surgery which can help correct nearsightedness (myopia), which is the inability to see distant objects, farsightnedness (hyperopia), which is the inability to see close, and astigmatism, the inability to focus light waves evenly. LASIK has grown greatly in the last year, mostly because of 4 reasons; it is fast (procedure takes about 5-10 minutes), safe, painless, and the results are almost always prolific. The eye is just like a camera because it works by focusing light waves that pass through it. Light rays that enter the eye must first pass through the most outer layer of the eye called the cornea. The cornea performs 2/3 of the focusing process, the remainder of is then completed by the crystalline lens which further focuses the light on the retina. This requires extreme precision in that the focused light must fall exactly at the level of the retina (Gallo, 126). The retina is a nerve tissue that carpets the inner surface of the eye, much like wallpaper covers all aspects of a wall. The retina converts the light into electrical signals, which are transmitted to the brain by the optic nerve. Just as a camera cannot produce clear photographs of the image if the incoming light is not focused on the film, we cannot produce a clear vision if the cornea and crystalline lens do not focus the light precisely on the retina. This is where LASIK steps in. A laser is a device that creates a very special kind of light energy that is usually invisible to the human eye (Caster, 16). In LASIK, ophthalmologists use a certain type of laser called the excimer. By using invisible ultraviolet light, the excimer is able to break covalent bonds between molecules. What sets excimer aside from other lasers used in medicine is the wavelength used. At one-hundred ninety-three nm (nanometers), excimer lasers remove tissue by breaking the covalent without creating much thermal energy (Slade, 25). This allows for precise removal of tissue with minimal surrounding tissue damage. The very thin layer of the cornea that is removed, changes the curvature of the cornea ever so slightly, thus then results in a change in the light focusing ability. In nearsightedness (myopia), light rays from distant objects are not focused on the retina, but instead they are focused in front of the retina (See Figure 1). Therefore to correct nearsightedness in a LASIK procedur e, the curvature of the cornea must be decreased or in another words made flatter by removing corneal tissue in a disc-shaped pattern, or from the central cornea. A computer determines the exact pattern and number of pulses that are needed to do this. In farsightedness (hyperopia), light rays from distant objects are focused not onto the retina, but behind it (See Figure 1). To correct this, the central portion of the cornea must be made steeper; and this is accomplished by removing corneal tissue in a donut shaped pattern, or in another words more from the peripheral areas. Eyes with astigmatisms focus light waves unevenly because of the irregular shape of the cornea; football shaped